ams online journals -尊龙最新版
journal of physical oceanography
article: pp. 909–917 | |
key laboratory of tropic marine environment dynamics, south china sea institute of oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, guangzhou, and school of marine sciences, zhejiang ocean university, zhoushan, china
department of physical oceanography, woods hole oceanographic institution, woods hole, massachusetts
(manuscript received 27 december 2005, in final form 7 september 2007)
doi: 10.1175/2007jpo3535.1
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the classical two-box model of stommel is extended in two directions: replacing the buoyancy constraint with an energy constraint and including the wind-driven gyre. stommel postulated a buoyancy constraint for the thermohaline circulation, and his basic idea has evolved into the dominating theory of thermohaline circulation; however, recently, it is argued that the thermohaline circulation is maintained by mechanical energy from wind stress and tides. the major difference between these two types of models is the bifurcation structure: the stommel-like model has two thermal modes (one stable and another one unstable) and one stable haline mode, whereas the energy-constraint model has one stable thermal mode and two saline modes (one stable and another one unstable). adding the wind-driven gyre changes the threshold value of thermohaline bifurcation greatly; thus, the inclusion of the wind-driven gyre is a vital step in completely modeling the physical processes related to thermohaline circulation.
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